They define whether the material is made of metal or not and work on a 0 to one scale. Metalness maps are fairly self explanatory. A 0 for Roughness results in a very shiny surface like plastic while a 1 is a more matte look. The Roughness Map (or Gloss Map) defines how light scatters across the surface of your 3D model. Normal map looks like the below when separated out from your 3D model: The left is a cube with a color texture while the right is the same cube with a normal map that gives it the brick texture. Normal maps don’t actually change the geometry of your 3D model so you can’t use them for extreme depth, but they are great to give realistic textures while keeping the polygon count low. These are also known as Bump Maps because they make your surface look bumpy. Normal maps give your object texture and depth by changing the direction light is reflected off your 3D model. This is very similar to a diffuse map but is more the pure color of an object, while diffuse is both color as well as shaded with some diffuse lighting. The Albedo map is the base color input that defines the diffuse color or reflectivity of the surface. We’ll look at the following PBR maps which are most applicable to fashion: You also can not use these on the web, VR or AR so we will focus on PBR.
This however, makes them much more complicated to learn. Non-PBR materials can give you very photorealistic results as they have many different settings to play with. glTF has a very well defined specification and can be used in game-engines as well as the web. The most friendly real-time PBR file format is glTF or GLB and is supported by The Khronos group, a non-profit consortium of companies from HP, Apple, Adobe, Facebook, and more. This is fast becoming the standard as many fashion brands realize the benefit of 3D on the web.ģD eCommerce has proven to double online conversion rates while using 3D in B2B sales has allowed brands to lower their carbon footprint, increase speed to market and reduce costs by replacing physical samples with 3D models. PBR is used in real-time applications like Unity and Unreal game-engines as well as the web. PBR stands for Physically-Based Rendering and renders an image the same way it would look in the real world with physics based lighting. There are many different types of texture maps, but they all fall within two categories PBR or Non-PBR. They are applied to 3D models to create special effects, patterns or repeating textures. Texture maps are essential to make your 3D images look real.
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